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The present volume offers the first critical edition of the medieval Arabic translation of Galen's Commentary on Book 6 of the Hippocratic Epidemics produced by Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq (d. ca. 870). The edition is based on all extant Arabic textual witnesses, including the Arabic secondary transmission. Only about two thirds of the Greek original of this text is extant; the Arabic translation is therefore the only complete witness to this important work. The number and extent of "ations from this commentary in medieval Arabic medical writings, which are documented in the introduction to the volume, demonstrate that it became a crucial source for the development of medicine in the Islamic world. It also gave rise to a wide range of didactic writings which illustrate its importance for medical teaching. The English translation aims to convey some of the flavour of the Arabic text. The volume also contains comprehensive indices that map out the terminology and style of the translation.

Arabistic. --- Galen. --- History of medicine. --- Medicine in antiquity. --- Epidemics --- Disease outbreaks --- Diseases --- Outbreaks of disease --- Pestilences --- Communicable diseases --- Outbreaks

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The present volume offers the first critical edition of the medieval Arabic translation of Galen's Commentary on Book 2 of the Hippocratic Epidemics produced by Hunayn ibn Ishaq (d. ca. 870). The edition is based on all extant Arabic textual witnesses, including the Arabic secondary transmission. The Greek original of this text is lost; the Arabic translation is therefore the only intact witness to this important work. The number and extent of "ations from this commentary in medieval Arabic medical writings, which are documented in the introduction to the volume, demonstrate that it became a crucial source for the development of medicine in the Islamic world. It also gave rise to a wide range of didactic writings which illustrate its importance for medical teaching. The English translation aims to convey some of the flavour of the Arabic text. The volume also contains comprehensive indices that map out the terminology and style of the translation.

Epidemics --- Medicine --- Hippocrates. --- Disease outbreaks --- Diseases --- Outbreaks of disease --- Pestilences --- Outbreaks --- Communicable diseases --- Health Workforce --- Arabic medicine. --- Galen. --- ancient medicine. --- history of medicine. --- HISTORY / Ancient / General.

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Finance & Development, December 2014.

Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Diseases: Contagious --- Health Policy --- Health: General --- National Government Expenditures and Health --- Analysis of Health Care Markets --- Health Behavior --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Health economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Health systems & services --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Data capture & analysis --- Health --- Health care spending --- Health care --- Communicable diseases --- Expenditure --- Expenditures, Public --- Medical care --- Big data --- China, People's Republic of

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Finance & Development, June 2020.

Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Diseases: Contagious --- Political Economy --- Financial Crises --- Health: General --- Health Behavior --- Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies --- Public finance & taxation --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Health economics --- International economics --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Health --- Political economy --- COVID-19 --- Personal income tax --- Financial crises --- Communicable diseases --- Economics --- Income tax --- United States

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The COVID-19 pandemic, the volatility in oil prices, heightened insecurity, and a looming food crisis due to climate change have severely stressed an already vulnerable Chadian economy. The two Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) disbursements in April and July 2020 allowed Chad to meet its immediate financing and urgent balance of payment needs in the early stages of the pandemic. The authorities have requested Fund assistance under the ECF to support their post-COVID recovery and their plan to reduce debt vulnerabilities through a combination of a debt workout and a multi-year fiscal consolidation program. However, due to the death of the president following a resurgence of fighting with rebel groups in April and the delayed delivery of donor support, the treasury situation has become extremely tight, threatening social stability.

Money and Monetary Policy --- International Economics --- Exports and Imports --- Public Finance --- Macroeconomics --- Diseases: Contagious --- Financial Risk Management --- Monetary Policy --- International Agreements and Observance --- International Organizations --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Health Behavior --- Fiscal Policy --- Monetary economics --- International institutions --- International economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Finance --- Monetary policy --- International organization --- External debt --- Public debt --- Revenue administration --- International agencies --- Debts, External --- Debts, Public --- Revenue --- Debt service --- Communicable diseases --- Chad